Wrench.



Invento Attorneys PATENTED JAN. 9, 1906.

ALW. PARPITT. WRENCH APPLICATION FILED AUG.11-. 1905.

1 Witnesse I I purrn STAT1Z3 PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR W. PARFITT, OF NEW LONDON, ISOONSIN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- HALF TO ALBERT G. \VESTPI-IAL, OF HORUNIA, WVISCONSIN.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 9, 1906.

Application filed August 11, 1905. Serial No. 273,777.

To mZZ whom it Ulla/7100721067721.

Be it known that I, ARTHUR \V. PARFITT, a citizen of the United States, residing at New London, in the county of lVaupaca and State of WVisconsin, have invented a new and useful rench, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches of the class known as quicleaction, and has for its object to improve the construction and increase the efficiency of devices of this character.

\Vith these and other objects in view, which will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in certain novel features of construction, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which come sponding parts are denoted by like designating characters, is illustrated the preferred form of embodiment of the invention capable of carrying the same into practical operation.

In the drawings thus employed, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation with the operative parts in released position. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the parts inreversed position. Fig. 3 is a detail of one of the grip-jaws in section on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are sectional perspective views of the rotating sleeve. Fig. 8 is a per spective view, inverted, of the movable gripping-j aw. Fig. 9 is a detached perspective view of one of the trippawls. Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation of the inner sleeve.

The improved device comprises a stock 10, preferably square and having the stationary jaw 11 at one end and a handle 12 at the other end and with intermediate spaced ratchet-teeth in the sides, as at 13 14.

Slidably disposed upon the stock 10 is a movable jaw 15, having a stud 16 depending from one side and with a semicircular rib 17 at one side of the stud, as represented more clearly in Fig. 8.

Slidably disposed upon the stock 10 is an inner sleeve 18, having elongated apertures 19 20 through the opposite sides and recesses 21 extending from the apertures, and supported loosely within these recesses and apertures are pawls 23 24, the pawls for engaging the ratchet-teeth 13 14 through the apertures at one end and with the other ends supported within the recesses 21 22,1'espectively. Extending respectively from the ends of the pawls are lugs 25, 26, 27, and 28, and projecting outwardly therefrom.

Mounted for rotation upon the inner sleeve 18 is another or outer sleeve 29, having an internal annular groove near one end to receive the lip 17 of the stud 16 of the jaw 15, the body of the stud substantially filling the interior of the outer sleeve in advance of the inner sleeve 18, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The interior of the outer sleeve 29 is provided with two semicircular channels 31 32, inclined or in screwthread form, each channel extending one-half around the interior of the sleeve and reduced in depth at opposite ends, as at 34. Stop-pins 35 36, referably threaded, are inserted throug the sleeve at the shallow ends of the screw-like grooves, as shown in Fig. 4. The grooves 31 32 are to receive the projecting ends 25 27 of the pawls 23 24, and recesses 37 '38 are formed in the inner face of the sleeve 29 to receive the projecting ends 26 28 of the pawls, the recesses each inclined at one side and gradually merging into the general interior surface of the sleeve, as illustrated at 39 40 in Fig. 5. The screw-like channel 31 is connected by a longitudinal channel 41 with the internally-grooved end of the sleeve 29, and a similar channel 42 connects the channel 32 in the same manner through the same end of the sleeve.

The handle member 12 is detachable, and when thus detached the parts are assembled and operated as follows: The pawls 23 24 are first placed in position in the inner sleeve 18 and the latter inserted into the outer sleeve 29, with the projections 26 28 in the longitudinal channels 41 42, the channels 31 32 being inclined opposite the longitudinal channels, as at 43 44, to permit the projections to pass out from the screw-like channels and into the recesses 37 38, the projections 25 26 in the meantime entering the channels 31 32. The lip 17 of the jaw 15 is then inserted into the annular groove 30 by tilting the jaw a little to one side, and then the stud 16 inserted into the end of the outer sleeve 29. The stock 10 is then inserted through the jaw 15 and inner sleeve 18, care being taken that the ratchetteeth 13 14'shall be opposite the pawls 23 24.

The pawls will offer no resistance to the movement of the stock, especially if the projections 26 28 be opposite the recesses 37 38. The handle 12 is then secured in position and the wrench is ready for action. It now the outer sleeve 29 be rotated until the relatively thin portions of the channels 31 32 are opposite the projections 26, one end of the pawls will be thrust into the recesses 21 22 and the other ends into the recesses 37 38, with the effect of releasing the pawl ends from the ratchetteeth and likewise releasing the stock, so that the jaws 11 15 may be quickly adjusted to any required distance to fit any size of nut or pipe. Then by holding the stock 10 firmly to prevent its rotation and rotating the outer sleeve 29 upon the inner sleeve 18 the inclined portions 39 40, riding over the projections 26 28 of the pawls, will engage the latter with the teeth 13 14, and at the same time the rotation of the outer sleeve will carry the screw-like channels 31 32 over the projections 25 27, which have been thrust outward by the inward thrust of the other ends of the pawls, and (move the jaw 15 longitudinally of the stock and pinch the pipe or wrench tightly between the jaws, this lon gitudinal movement of the jaw 15 carrying the outer sleeve with it by means of the coup ling-lip.

The wrench is adapted for the ordinary nut-wrench having single jaws or a double wrench with nut-jaws on one side and pipe or rod jaws on the other side, and I do not, therefore, wish to be limited to any particular form of jaws or to any particular use for which they may be employed.

The pipe or rod engaging aws illustrated comprise ratchet-teeth 45 in the jaw 11 and a toothed plate 46, slidably disposed in a dovetailed groove 47 in the jaw 15, the groove being inclined away from the stock and the jaw 1 1 to insure a more rigid grip.

The device is simple in construction, can be inexpensively manufactured, and will operate effectually for the purposes described Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary aw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls associated with said inner sleeve for engaging said transverse teeth, an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and having said outer sleeve coupled rotatively thereto, and means whereby said pawls are caused to engage said ratchet-teeth and lock said sleeves and movable jaw to said stock when said outer sleeve is disposed in one position and released therefrom when said outer sleeve is disposed in another position.

2. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary jaw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with intermediate-spaced teeth, an inner sleeve slid able upon said stock and provided with transverse apertures, pawls operating through said apertures for engagement with said ratchet-teeth, an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve, a movable aw slidable upon said stock and having said outer sleeve coupled rotatively thereto, and means whereby said-pawls will be caused to engage said ratchet-teeth and lock-said movable jaw to said stock when said outer sleeve is disposed in one position and disconnected therefrom when the outer sleeve is disposed in another position.

3. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary jaw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls operating through said inner sleeve for engaging said teeth and provided with outwardly-extending lugs at the ends, an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve and provided with spaced apertures inclined at one side for receiving the lugs at one end of said pawls and with annular channels decreasing in depth at one end for receiving the lugs at the other end of said pawls, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and having said outer sleeve coupled rotatively thereto, whereby when said outer sleeve is rotated in one direction said pawls will be depressed at one end for engagement with said teeth and released therefrom when the outer sleeve is rotated in the other direction.

4. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary aw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls operating through said inner sleeve for engaging said teeth and provided with outwardly-extending lugs at the ends,

.an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve and provided with spaced apertures inclined at one side for receiving the lugs at one end of said pawls and with annular channels decreasing in depth at one end for receiving the lugs at the other end of the pawls and decreasing in depth toward one end and inclined to the transverse plane of the stock, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and having said sleeve coupled rotatively thereto, whereby when said outer sleeve is rotated in one direction said pawls will be depressed at one end for engagement with said teeth and said movable jaw forcibly adjusted longitudinally of the stock and released therefrom when the outer sleeve is rotated in the other direction.

5. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary jaw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls operating through said inner sleeve for engaging said teeth, an outer IUC sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve and provided with an internal annular channel, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and provided with a rib for engaging said channel whereby said outer sleeve and movable jaw are rotatively coupled, and means whereby said pawls are caused to engage said teeth and lock said sleeve and movable jaw to said stock when said outer sleeve is disposed in one position and released therefrom when the outer sleeve is disposed in another position.

6. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary jaw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls operating through said inner sleeve for engaging said teeth and provided with outwardly-extending lugs at the ends, an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve and provided with spaced apertures inclined at one side for receiving the lugs at one end of said pawls and with annular chan nels decreasing in depth at one end for receiving the lugs at the other end of said pawls, and with longitudinal channels leading from said annular channels through one end of the outer sleeve, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and having said outer sleeve coupled rotatively thereto, whereby when said outer sleeve is rotated in one direction said pawls will be depressed at one end for engagement with said teeth and released therefrom when the outer sleeve is ro tated in the other direction.

7. In a wrench, a stock having a stationary jaw at one end and a handle at the other end and provided with spaced transverse teeth, an inner sleeve slidable upon said stock, pawls operating through said inner sleeve for engaging said teeth and provided with outwardly-extending lugs at the ends, an outer sleeve rotative upon said inner sleeve and provided with spaced apertures inclined at one side for receiving the lugs at one end of said pawls and with annular channels decreasing in depth at one end for receiving the lugs at the other end of said pawls, and with stop-pins extending in the paths of said lugs to limit the movement in one direction, a movable jaw slidable upon said stock and having said outer sleeve coupled rotatively th'ereto, whereby when said outer sleeve is rotated in one direction said pawls will be depressed at one end for engagement with said teeth and released therefrom when the outer sleeve is rotated in the other direction.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of the witnesses.

I ARTHUR W. PARFITT.

Witnesses:

A. G. WVESTPHAL, ARTHUR W. h/IILLERD, G. A. CUFF. 

